Teeth have pulp chambers that houses the blood vessels and nerves of the teeth. If the pulp chamber get infected due to cavities, cracks, etc., the chamber needs to be disinfected. Root canal treatment is the treatment of disinfecting the pulp and roots.
So what exactly is a root canal? Inside the tooth there’s a soft tissue called pulp that contains blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissue. The pulp plays a vital role in tooth development when you’re younger, but fully developed adult teeth can survive without it. Sometimes the pulp can become inflamed or infected. A root canal simply replaces the afflicted pulp with an inert material.